Introduction
Fort Denison, a small island located in Sydney Harbour, is a place of historical significance and natural beauty. Once a penal site and defensive facility, it is now part of the Sydney Harbour National Park and serves as a popular tourist attraction.
Early History
The story of Fort Denison begins in the mid-19th century. Originally a rocky island, it was used as a place of punishment for convicts. The island was then built over and renamed Fort Denison when fortifications were constructed there in an attempt to protect the city from seaborne invasion.
Construction and Completion
Construction of the fort started in 1841 and was completed on November 14, 1857. The fort was manned by Royal Artillery men from England during the 1860s. The fort was built in the Colonial fortification, castellated style, using Sydney sandstone. The most notable feature of the fort is its Martello tower, the most complete one in the world.
Use in World War II
During World War II, Fort Denison came under the control of the Commonwealth Government and was used as an anti-aircraft base.
Post-War Period
After the war, around the 1930s, the fort was decommissioned and opened to the public. For a brief period, it was manned by a single janitor. Until the mid-1980s, a caretaker lived at Fort Denison, with water, gas, and electricity supplied from the mainland.
Present Day
Today, Fort Denison is a top Sydney tourist attraction. It offers 360° views of the harbour, making it one of the most coveted places in Sydney for New Year’s Eve. Visitors can explore the fort’s museum, cannons, gunpowder store, and the fully operational tide gauge room where Sydney’s tidal benchmark is recorded. The island is also home to a restaurant.
Conclusion
Fort Denison’s rich history and its transformation from a penal site and defensive facility to a popular tourist attraction is a testament to Sydney’s evolving landscape. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature lover, or just someone looking for a unique experience, Fort Denison has something to offer…
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Photographed by Mike Fernandes